A hernia is an abnormal
protrusion of the internal organs through an abnormal opening in the wall of
the cavity. The combination of increasing pressure inside the body
with the weakness of the wall is responsible for this condition.
What causes hernias?
1) A weakness in the body wall: -
a) Congenital weakness.
b) The weakness of injuries acquired account, wasting of muscles, suppurative lesions in the wall and presence of weak natural openings, obesity, lack of exercise, repeated pregnancy.
c) A surgical surgery with improper suturing or sepsis the operated site.
b) The weakness of injuries acquired account, wasting of muscles, suppurative lesions in the wall and presence of weak natural openings, obesity, lack of exercise, repeated pregnancy.
c) A surgical surgery with improper suturing or sepsis the operated site.
2) Increasing the pressure inside
the body.
a) Chronic constipation.
b) Chronic cough.
c) Lifting weights.
b) Chronic cough.
c) Lifting weights.
The most common sites for hernia
A hernia can occur anywhere in the body. Still, there
are some sites generalized hernia. The most common site is the abdominal wall
hernia. In comparison with other parts of the abdominal wall is weak due to the
presence of a natural orifice. common hernia sites follow.
a) Inguinal hernia:
Here the abdominal contents protrude through the inguinal canal (passage in the lower abdominal wall just above the inguinal ligament. Initially, the swelling comes only while tender and back lying down.
Here the abdominal contents protrude through the inguinal canal (passage in the lower abdominal wall just above the inguinal ligament. Initially, the swelling comes only while tender and back lying down.
b) Femoral Hernia:
This type of hernia is more in women. Here, the abdominal contents pass through the femoral canal can be seen just below the junction between the thigh and the lower abdominal wall (inside the triangle of the femur).
This type of hernia is more in women. Here, the abdominal contents pass through the femoral canal can be seen just below the junction between the thigh and the lower abdominal wall (inside the triangle of the femur).
c) Umbilical hernia:
This is well known in children. The navel is the lower abdomen. The abdominal contents can protrude as a bulb like swelling of the crying and defecating.
This is well known in children. The navel is the lower abdomen. The abdominal contents can protrude as a bulb like swelling of the crying and defecating.
d) Disembowelment:
These hernias are seen in operated sites. Due to suture inappropriate or sepsis the operated site becomes weak resulting in hernia.
These hernias are seen in operated sites. Due to suture inappropriate or sepsis the operated site becomes weak resulting in hernia.
e) Epigastric hernia:
Here the hernia occurs in the epigastric region. It is a rare type.
Here the hernia occurs in the epigastric region. It is a rare type.
f) Lumbar hernia:
Here, a hernia in the lumbar region appear at both sides of the lumbar spinal cord (lumbar triangle).
Here, a hernia in the lumbar region appear at both sides of the lumbar spinal cord (lumbar triangle).
g) Obturator hernia:
This is another unusual type of hernia. Here the contents pass through obturator foramen in the pelvic bone.
This is another unusual type of hernia. Here the contents pass through obturator foramen in the pelvic bone.
Hernia Complications
1) Strangulation:
If the hernia orifice is narrow the abdominal contents may not return again
with ease, and later the blood flow to the herniated tissues may be blocked due
to constriction.This can cause death of the intestine protrudes.
2) Intestinal obstruction:
This occurs when all the intestine projects into the hernial sac. The narrow
hernial orifice will block the passage of the intestine.
3) Infection and peritonitis:
If bottlenecks in the death of a portion of the intestine, there is a spread of
infection within the abdomen leading to peritonitis.
TREATMENT OF HERNIA - initial
treatment OPTIONS
In the early stages of hernia the following steps may
be helpful.
1) The use of the hernia belt. Special types of hernia belts are available for
each type of hernia.
2) Constipation, applicant cough,
urinary obstruction, etc.
3) Fat reduction increases the
strength of the abdominal wall.
4) Abdominal exercises to improve muscle tone.
5) Take a good amount of leafy vegetables, fruits and fibrous diet for easy bowel movements.
6) Try other systems such as homeopathy, herbal medicine, etc.
4) Abdominal exercises to improve muscle tone.
5) Take a good amount of leafy vegetables, fruits and fibrous diet for easy bowel movements.
6) Try other systems such as homeopathy, herbal medicine, etc.
If there is no relief to take the above steps consult a general surgeon for
surgical treatment.
TREATMENT
OF HERNIA - surgical optionsThe following operations are performed depending on the type and nature of the hernia.
1) Herniotomy: In this operation, the contents of the hernia sac is pushed into the abdomen and the neck of the sac is ligated with transfixion ligature and the sac is cut.
2) Herniorrhaphy: Here with herniotomy, the posterior wall is repaired.
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